1. 海洋污染生物效应英文翻译
随着社会经济的发展，人口的不断增长，在生产和生活过程中产生的废弃物也越来越多 。这些废弃物的绝大部分最终直接或间接地进入海洋。当这些废物和污水的排放量达到一定的限度，海洋便受到了污染。
诸如海洋油污染、海洋重金属污染、海洋热污染、海洋放射性 污染等等。受到污染的海域，会造成损害海洋生物，危害人类健康、妨碍人类的海洋生产活动、损害海水使用质量、
由于海洋的特殊性，海洋污染与大气、陆地污染有很多不同，其突出的特点：
一是污染源广，不仅人类在海洋的活动可以污染海洋，而且人类在陆地和其他活动方面所产生的污染物，也将通过江河径流、大气扩散和雨雪等降水形式，最终都将汇入海洋。
二是持续性强 ，海洋是地球上地势最低的区域，不可能像大气和江河那样，通过一次暴雨或一个汛期，使污染物转移或消除；一旦污染物进入海洋后，很难再转移出去，不能溶解和不易分解的物质在海洋中越积越多，往往通过生物的浓缩作用和食物链传递，对人类造成潜在威胁。
三是扩散范围广，全球海洋是相互连通的一个整体，一个海域污染了，往往会扩散到周边，甚至有的后期效应还会波及全球。四是防治难、危害大。海洋污染有很长和积累过程，不易及时发现，一旦形成污染，需要长期治理才能消除影响，且治理费用大，造成的危害会影响到各方面，特别是对人体产生的毒害，更是难以彻底清除干净。
污染海洋的物质众多，按污染物的性质和毒性，以及对海洋环境危害方式，大体可以把污染物分成以下几类：
一是营养盐类和有机物质，如工业排出的纤维素、糖醛、油脂等，生活污水中的粪便、洗涤剂和食物残渣等；
二是细菌和病毒等病原体，大多是由陆地废弃物携 带进入海洋的；
三是重金属和酸碱类物质，主要有汞、铜、锌、钴、镉、铬等重金属，以及砷、硫、磷等非金属和各种酸碱；
四是有毒化学制品，主要是化肥和农药的残留物。
2. 海洋污染对生物的影响
人类活动产生的大部分废物和污染物最终都进入了海洋，海洋污染越来越趋于严重．目前，每年都有数十亿吨的淤泥、污水、工业垃圾和化工废物等直接流入海洋，河流每年也将近百亿吨的淤泥和废物带入沿海水域．海洋污染的主要来源有：石油污染、城市污水和农业径流、空气污染、船舶、倾倒垃圾等．在海洋污染中，油类污染物已成为最大并最具威胁的污染源，一旦发生油污事件，损失极为巨大，不仅造成直接经济损失，还会导致伴随物质损害的经济损失，如因海域遭到污染而使渔民丧失生计、造成周边旅游业的萧条给旅馆饭店带来损失等．故B符合题意． 故选：B．
3. 海洋生物的污染
重金属污染
海洋的污染主要是发生在靠近大陆的海湾。目前，海洋污染突出表现为石油污染、赤潮、有毒物质累积、塑料污染和核污染等几个方面；污染最严重的海域有波罗的海、地中海、东京湾、纽约湾、墨西哥湾等。就国家来说，沿海污染严重的是日本、美国、西欧诸国和前苏联国家。我国的渤海湾、黄海、东海和南海的污染状况也相当严重。
4. 海洋污染生态效应
海洋污染生物效应的研究，是认识和评价海洋环境质量的现状及其变化趋势的重要依据，是海洋环境质量生物监测和生物学评价的理论基础，对于防治污染、了解污染物在海洋生态系统中的迁移、转化规律和保护海洋环境均具有理论意义和实际意义。
20世纪60年代以来，人们对海洋污染生物效应进行了大量的调查研究和毒性毒理实验，积累了很多资料。但是对于低浓度下的亚致死效应和慢性效应及其致毒机制的研究还比较少，特别是低浓度或混合污染物对生态系统的长期影响还难以作出正确的估计。为保护海洋生物和水产资源，保护海洋生态系免受污染损害，必须开展低浓度的多种污染物对海洋生态系的结构和功能影响的研究。
5. 海洋污染翻译成英文
Pollution
Sea pollution is becoming an increasing problem for our planet and we have a responsibility to reduce sea pollution.
I need to describe the problem. Our ship currently dumps all its rubbish into the sea.It's easy to result in huge endanger. First of all, Non-organic substances such as plastic bags kill fish and whales. Because fish get trapped and whales cannot digest them. Secondly some rubbish is inherently toxic.
I can suggest some solutions. First and foremost we can create a better system of disposing of rubbish for instance. We ought to store rubbish. Next, we are supposed to make ships environmentally and friendly. A case in point is that we should stop providing plastic bags.
We must act now before it is too late!
海洋污染英语作文二：Reduce Sea Pollution
Several problems are caused by the non-organic substance. We ought not to pour wastes into the ocean, because it not only pollutes the ocean, but also lead to a series of harmful consequence. First and foremost, the non-organnic things, for instance, plastic bags, may kill fish and whales. Second, fishes can't digest them. Finally, some of the rubbish is inherently toxic, they will posion marine life.
We must take actions to protect our whale from dying. One thing we should do is creating a better system of disposing of rubbish. Another effective solution is making ships environmentally friendly. Sypermarkets shall stop the giving of plastic bags.
As a captain of the ship, you should spare no efforts to think more helpful ideas and stop dumping rubbish from now on. We all need to raise awareness of these problems. It now becomes necessary that we must act now, before it is too late!
海洋污染英语作文三：Sea pollution
Between 75 and 80% of marine pollution is caused by land, particularly agriculture. 30% of this is from the atmosphere. Around 12% of the pollution is caused by maritime transport.
In South America, 98% of domestic wastewater ends up, untreated, in the sea. The countries along the Mediterranean Sea throw 50 million tons of waste into it every year and the Chinese throw 60 million tons of waste into the Yellow sea daily. Over half of the hydrocarbon discharge comes from continents, 5% comes from oil tanker accidents, 20% comes from waste and other ship-related accidents, 4% from sea exploitation and 11 to 15% is due to natural causes. Accidental pollution through hydrocarbon is significantly decreasing and only represents a small percentage of waste through degassing estimated at between 1.5 and 3 million tons of oil a year. In 2003, according to the WWF, between 0.7 and 1.3 million tons of oil were spread by degassing in the Mediterranean. According to the Ifremer (the French Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), coastal water pollution cost the world economy almost 12.8 billion dollars in 2006.
Marine pollution is the result of products being thrown into seas and oceans, mostly by mnkind: domestic waste (sewage and rubbish, pollutants in runoff water...), industrial waste (hydrocarbons, metals, synthetic chemical and organic substances, radionuclides...) and agricultural waste (fertilisers, pesticides...).
This includes water pollution and marine sediments, and more generally all damage to marine ecosystems caused by harmful substances being discharged into the sea, either by their nature or their quantity.
海洋污染英语作文四：Sea Pollution
Marine environment is one in water, seawater tolerance hydrolyzate and suspended solids, seabed sediment and marine organisms, including complex systems. Ocean rich biological resources, mineral resources, chemical resources and power resources is an indispensable resource treasure house of human beings, with human survival and development of the relationship very close.
The main objective of the current marine conservation is to protect the living marine resources, so as not to failure, in order for human sustainable use. In particular, give priority to protect those valuable and critically endangered marine life. According to the UN for investigation, due to overfishing, accidental capture and killing of non-target to allow hunting of marine, coastal shoreline construction, mangrove deforestation, widespread marine pollution, at least the world's 25 most valuable fishery resources depleted, whales, sea turtles, manatees and many other marine animals face extinction risk. Is expected that with the expansion of the scale of ocean development,Marine living resources are likely to cause more damage.
The task of the first marine protected right to stop over-exploitation of living marine resources and secondly to protect the habitat of marine life or habitat, in particular, their migration, spawning, foraging, avoiding predators coast, tidal flats, estuaries, coral reefs, it is necessary to prevent the heavy metals, pesticides, oil, organic and easy to produce nutrients such as eutrophication of marine pollution. Preservation of the marine living resources of the natural regeneration capacity and water purification capacity, preservation of the marine ecological balance, to ensure sustainable human development and utilization of the oceans.
海洋污染英语作文五：Polluting the seas
The seas and oceans receive the brunt of human waste, whether it is by deliberate dumping or by natural run-off from the land.
In fact over 80% of all marine pollution comes from land-based activities and many pollutants are deposited in estuaries and coastal waters. Here the pollutants enter marine food chains, building up their concentrations until they reach toxic levels. It often takes human casualties to alert us to pollution and such was the case in Minimata Bay in Japan when many people died as a result of a pollutant building up in food chains. A factory was discharging waste containing methyl mercury in low concentrations into the sea and as this pollutant passed through food chains it became more concentrated in the tissues of marine organisms until it reached toxic levels.
As a consequence 649 people died from eating fish and shellfish contaminated with mercury and 3500 people suffered from mercury poisoning.
海洋污染英语作文六：Sea Pollution
From the overall situation, wastewater emissions growth speed. Is expected in 2000 will reach 666 tons. City life sewage volume will continue to increase, in 2000 reached about 783 tons. The wastewater of low (estimated at 20% ~ 30%),most of untreated wastewater directly or indirectly discharged into the water body, the serious pollution of water resources. China's seven major river systems in nearly half of serious pollution, city section of river water qualitygenerally exceed the standard 86%. The polluted water, more serious is the Huaihe, Haihe, Liaohe, Songhua River, the downstream Yangtze River and the Pearl River Delta industries in developed region.
River city section of riverpollution, heavy on the river, north to south. In 1990, 94 river city section of evaluation, 65 are subject to different degrees of pollution, accounting for 69.1%, the main pollutants ammonia nitrogen, volatile phenol and oxygen consumption of organic matter. According to the survey, 700000000 peopledrinking water the Escherichi a coli exceed the standard, 164000000 people drink organic pollution of water, 35000000 people nitrate drinking water exceed the standard.
Huaihe is one of the most polluted rivers. Huaihe in the evaluation of the 2000kilometers of the river, 78.7% river does not meet the drinking water standard,the 79.7% section does not meet the standard of fishery water, 32% do not meet the standard of irrigation water. According to statistics, the national 3000 heavily polluting enterprises, enterprises of wastewater discharge of industrial pollution,Huaihe River Basin accounts for 160. A sewage units 1.55 182 towns within the basin, industrial wastewater emissions of 1610000000 cubic meters, 700000000 cubic meters of urban living water emissions. Huaihe sewage irrigation farmland,causing serious crop production; in 1989 the occasion of the Spring Festival, the sewage discharge upstream gate opening, the tap water in Huainan, Bengbu twocity is seriously polluted and not drinking, Huaihe basin, the public drinking watercrisis, people Voices of discontent.
Huaihe basin in many areas of cancer incidence rate than the normal area than 10 times to hundreds of times, some villages in 2/3 of hepatomegaly. At the same time, due to the pollution of the estuary, anadromous fish resources has been damaged, the sharp drop in output, part of the in
